Aliyense akuyang'ana njira yoti magetsi aziyaka magetsi akazima.Chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwanyengo kukugwetsa ma gridi osagwiritsa ntchito intaneti kwa masiku angapo m'madera ena, makina osungira mafuta opangira mafuta - omwe ndi majenereta onyamula kapena osatha - akuwoneka osadalirika.Ichi ndichifukwa chake mphamvu yadzuwa yokhala ndi nyumba zophatikizika ndi kusungirako mabatire (yomwe inali bizinesi ya esoteric niche) ikukhala chisankho chodziwikiratu pokonzekera tsoka, malinga ndi okhazikitsa, opanga, ndi akatswiri amakampani omwe tidawafunsa opitilira khumi.
Kwa eni nyumba, mabatire a makilowati ambiri omwe amalipira kuchokera padenga la solar panels amalonjeza kupirira pakagwa tsoka lachilengedwe-chodalirika, chowongoleredwa, gwero la nthawi yomweyo lamagetsi kuti asunge zida zofunika ndi zida zamagetsi mpaka gululi libwereranso pa intaneti.Pazithandizo, kuyika kotereku kumalonjeza grid yamagetsi yokhazikika komanso yocheperako posachedwapa.Umu ndi momwe mungakhazikitsire nyumba yanu.(Ingodzilimbitsani nokhakugwedezeka kwa zomata.)
Ndani ayenera kupeza izi
Mphamvu zosunga zobwezeretsera zitazimitsidwa ndizofunikira kwa aliyense amene akufuna kukhalabe ndi chitonthozo ndi luso loyankhulana.Ingowonjezerani ku dongosolo lalikulu, ndipo mutha kupitilira zoyambira, kuchirikiza zida zambiri ndi zida kwa nthawi yochulukirapo mpaka mphamvu ya gridi ibwerera.Mayankho awa ndi opangidwa mwamakonda kwambiri kwa ife kuti tipangire mabatire enieni, kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa ma kilowatt-maola osungira omwe mukufunikira kuti muyendetse nyumba yanu pamene gululi lili pansi, kapena kufotokoza kuchuluka kwa kupanga kwa dzuwa komwe mukufunikira kuti musunge batire yanu.Kumbukiraninso kuti zosintha zina - kuphatikiza zosowa zanu zamphamvu, bajeti, ndi malo (pafupifupi boma lililonse ndi ntchito zili ndi mapulogalamu ake olimbikitsa, kubweza, ndi misonkho) -zonse zimatengera zosankha zanu zogula.
Cholinga chathu ndikukuthandizani kuti muganizire zinthu zitatu: mafunso omwe muyenera kudzifunsa okhudza chiyani komanso chifukwa chake kukhazikitsa zosunga zobwezeretsera za solar m'nyumba mwanu, mafunso omwe muyenera kufunsa omwe angayike mukakumana nawo, komanso funso loti makina osungira mabatire amayimira ndalama pakulimba kwa nyumba yanu kapena grid yonse yamtsogolo."Zili ngati ola loyamba ndi theka la zokambirana zanga: kuuza anthu zomwe ayenera kuganizira," anatero Rebekah Carpenter, woyambitsa Fingerlakes Renewables Solar Energy kumpoto kwa New York.
Ndikutha kuona chifukwa chake.Ndinafunika kuyika kafukufuku wambiri kuti ndingozungulira mutu wanga mozungulira zonse, ndikuwunikanso zitsanzo za kukhazikitsa ndikusewera ngati wofuna kugula.Ndipo ndimamvera chisoni munthu aliyense amene amapanga ndalama izi.Mudzakumana ndi zisankho zazikuluzikulu - kuyambira kusankha kontrakitala mpaka kupanga ndi opanga makina anu mpaka ndalama.Ndipo zonsezi zidzakulungidwa mu zigawo za jargon zaukadaulo.Blake Richetta, CEO wa opanga mabatireSonnen, ananena kuti vuto limodzi lalikulu limene akukumana nalo ndi kungomasulira uthenga umenewu kwa makasitomala ake, kapena monga mmene ananenera, “kuti anthu azisangalala nawo.”Palibe njira yosavuta yothanirana ndi funso loti, bwanji, komanso chifukwa chiyani muyenera kutengera kusungirako batire ya solar.
Chifukwa chiyani muyenera kutikhulupirira
Ndisanayambe bukhuli, zomwe ndinakumana nazo ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa zinali kutsekedwa ndi mipanda ya ng'ombe yoyendetsedwa ndi dzuwa pamunda wa chipululu.Kotero kuti ndidzipatse ndekha njira yowonongeka mu kusungirako kwa batri ya dzuwa, ndinayankhula ndi magwero oposa khumi ndi awiri, kuphatikizapo oyambitsa kapena akuluakulu a opanga mabatire asanu ndi limodzi;okhazikitsa asanu odziwa zambiri, ochokera ku Massachusetts, New York, Georgia, ndi Illinois;ndi woyambitsa EnergySage, wolemekezeka "wosakondera dzuwa matchmaker” yomwe imapereka malangizo aulere komanso atsatanetsatane kwa eni nyumba pazinthu zonse zokhudzana ndi dzuwa.(EnergySage vets installers, amene angathe kulipira chindapusa kuti m'gulu la kampani mndandanda wa makontrakitala ovomerezeka.) Pofuna kupereka m'lifupi maganizo komanso kuzama kwa chidziwitso, Ndinafunafuna installers m'madera a dziko osati nthawi zonse. amaonedwa kuti ndi ochezeka ndi dzuwa, komanso amitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza omwe amayang'ana kwambiri popereka mphamvu yadzuwa kwa anthu osauka akumidzi.Chakumapeto kwa ntchitoyi, kungosangalala, ndidalowa nawo foni pakati pa woyikayo ndi mchimwene wanga ndi mlamu wanga (oyembekezera ogula mabatire ku Texas), kuti ndimve mafunso omwe pro adawafunsa (ndi mosemphanitsa) za kukonzekera unsembe watsopano.
Kodi solar yokhala ndi zosunga zobwezeretsera batire imatanthauza chiyani, ndendende?
Makanema a solar okhala ndi batire yosungirako si zachilendo: Anthu akhala akugwiritsa ntchito mabanki a mabatire a lead-acid kusunga mphamvu ya dzuwa kwazaka zambiri.Koma makinawa ndi ochuluka, amafunikira kukonzedwa nthawi zonse, amadalira zinthu zapoizoni ndi zowononga, ndipo nthawi zambiri amayenera kusungidwa m'malo osiyana, osagwirizana ndi nyengo.Nthawi zambiri, amangogwiritsidwa ntchito kumidzi, osagwiritsa ntchito gridi.Bukuli likuyang'ana kwambiri zomwe zimatchedwa ma solar omangidwa ndi grid, momwe ma solar solar amapereka mphamvu kwa inu nokha komanso grid.Chifukwa chake tikukamba za mabatire amakono, ophatikizana, apamwamba kwambiri a lithiamu-ion omwe adawonekera koyamba m'ma 2010.
Kwa anthu ambiri, njira yoyamba yotereyi yomwe adamva inali Powerwall ya Tesla, yomwe inalengezedwa mu 2015. Pofika mu 2022, malinga ndi Vikram Aggarwal yemwe anayambitsa EnergySage, makampani osachepera 26 akupereka makina osungira lithiamu-ion ku US, ngakhale opanga asanu ndi awiri okha amawerengera. pafupifupi makhazikitsidwe onse.Kuchokera kugawo lapamwamba mpaka lotsika kwambiri, opanga amenewo aliEnphase,Tesla,LG,Panasonic,SunPower,NeoVolta,ndiGenerac.Mutha kukumana ndi angapo mwa mayinawa mukayamba kafukufuku wanu.Koma kuti muwonetsetse kuti mukudzipatsa zosankha zambiri, ndikofunikira kulankhula ndi makontrakitala angapo, popeza ambiri aiwo amagwira ntchito ndi awiri kapena atatu okha opanga mabatire.(Kusiyana pakati pa mabatire makamaka kumatsikira ku chemistry, mtundu wa mphamvu zolowetsa zomwe amatenga, kusungirako kwawo, ndi kuchuluka kwa katundu wawo, monga tafotokozera m'ndime zotsatirazi.)
Komabe, makamaka, mabatire onse amagwira ntchito mofananamo: Amasunga mphamvu kuchokera ku mapanelo adzuwa a padenga monga mphamvu yamagetsi masana, ndiyeno amawamasula ngati akufunikira (nthawi zambiri usiku, pamene ma sola sakugwira ntchito, komanso pakuzimitsidwa kwamagetsi) kuti zida za m'nyumba mwanu ziziyenda.Ndipo mabatire onse amangoyimba kudzera pamagetsi a DC (mwachindunji), mtundu womwewo womwe ma solar amatulutsa.
Koma kupitirira apo, pali zosiyana zambiri."Mabatire samapangidwa chimodzimodzi," adatero Aggarwal."Ali ndi makemistri osiyanasiyana.Iwo ali ndi mphamvu zosiyana.Ali ndi ma amperes osiyanasiyana.Ndipo ndi amperage yochuluka bwanji yomwe ingachotsedwe mu batire panthawi yoperekedwa, mwachitsanzo, ndi zida zingati zomwe ndingayendetse nthawi imodzi?Palibe wofanana ndi aliyense. ”
Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yomwe batire ingasunge, yoyezedwa mu ma kilowatt-maola, idzakhala yofunikira kwambiri pakuwerengera kwanu.Ngati dera lanu silimazimitsidwa kwanthawi yayitali, batire yaing'ono komanso yotsika mtengo ingagwirizane ndi zosowa zanu.Ngati dera lanu lazimitsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, pangafunike batire yokulirapo.Ndipo ngati muli ndi zida zofunika m'nyumba mwanu zomwe sizingaloledwe kutaya mphamvu, zosowa zanu zitha kukhala zapamwamba.Izi ndi zinthu zonse zomwe muyenera kuziganizira musanakumane ndi omwe angayike - ndipo akatswiriwo ayenera kumvera zomwe mukufuna ndikufunsani mafunso omwe amakuthandizani kukonza malingaliro anu.
Muyenera kuganizira zinthu zina zingapo, inunso.
Choyamba ndi chakuti mukhala mukuyika makina atsopano ozungulira dzuwa nthawi imodzi yomwe mumayika kusungirako batri, kapena mudzakhala mukubwezeretsanso batri ku dongosolo lomwe lilipo.
Ngati zonse zikhala zatsopano, mudzakhala ndi zosankha zambiri pazosankha zanu za batri komanso ma solar panel.Zoyika zambiri zatsopano zimagwiritsa ntchito mabatire a DC.Izi zikutanthauza kuti magetsi a DC omwe amapangidwa ndi mapanelo anu amadya m'nyumba mwanu ndikuyatsira batire mwachindunji.Kenako magetsi amadutsa pa chipangizo chotchedwa inverter, chomwe chimasintha magetsi a DC (direct current) kukhala magetsi a AC (alternating current)—mtundu wa mphamvu zimene nyumba zimagwiritsa ntchito.Dongosololi limapereka njira yabwino kwambiri yolipirira mabatire.Koma zimatengera kuthamanga kwamagetsi apamwamba kwambiri a DC m'nyumba mwanu, zomwe zimafunikira ntchito yapadera yamagetsi.Ndipo anthu angapo omwe ndidalankhula nawo adadandaula za chitetezo cha DC chamagetsi.
Chifukwa chake mutha kusankha mabatire omwe amatchedwa AC-coupled, ndikuyika gulu la solar lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito ma microinverters kumbuyo kwa gulu lililonse kuti asinthe zomwe amatulutsa kukhala AC padenga lanu (zomwe zikutanthauza kuti palibe magetsi okwera kwambiri omwe amalowa mnyumba mwanu).Kulipiritsa batire, ma microinverter ophatikizika mu batriyo momwemo kenaka mutembenuzire magetsi kukhala DC, yomwe imasinthidwa kukhala AC batire ikatumiza mphamvu kunyumba kwanu.Mabatire a AC sagwira ntchito bwino kuposa mabatire a DC, chifukwa kutembenuka kulikonse mphamvu yamagetsi imatayika ngati kutentha.Kambiranani mosabisa kanthu ndi woyika wanu za ubwino, kuipa, ndi chitetezo chachibale cha njira iliyonse.
Ngati muli kale ndi solar array ndipo mukufuna kukhazikitsa batire, nkhani yayikulu ndiyoti mutha kutero."Ndakhala ndikuchita izi kwa zaka 20, ndipo kutha kulowa ndikuyang'ana dongosolo ndikubwezeretsanso ndizodabwitsa," adatero Rebekah Carpenter wa Fingerlakes Renewables."Ndimakumbukira pamene panalibe mwayi wokonzanso dongosolo.Simukanatha kugwiritsa ntchito solar ngati gululi litatsika. ”
Yankho lake lili mu ma hybrid inverters, omwe amapereka maluso awiri ofunikira.Choyamba, amalowetsamo ngati AC kapena DC, kenako amagwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu kuti adziwe komwe akufunika ndikupanga kusintha kulikonse kofunikira.“Ndikuti-kapena-u-u-wa-,” anatero Carpenter."Imayigwiritsa ntchito kulipiritsa mabatire [DC], imagwiritsa ntchito nyumba kapena grid [AC], kapena ikakhala ndi mphamvu yokwanira, imagwiritsa ntchito zonse ziwiri nthawi imodzi."Ananenanso kuti zomwe amazitcha kuti "agnostic" hybrid inverters ndizofunikira kwambiri pakubwezeretsanso ma batri, chifukwa amatha kugwira ntchito ndi mabatire amitundu yosiyanasiyana;opanga mabatire ena amaletsa ma inverter awo osakanizidwa kuti azigwira ntchito ndi mabatire awo okha.Carpenter anatchulaSunny Islandmonga wopanga ma agnostic inverters.Sol-Arkndi chitsanzo china.
Ngati muli kale ndi solar array ndipo mukufuna kukhazikitsa batire, nkhani yayikulu ndiyoti mutha kutero.
Chachiwiri, ma hybrid inverters amatha kupanga zomwe zimatchedwa chizindikiro cha grid.Ma solar arrays amayenera kumva kuti grid ili pa intaneti kuti igwire ntchito.Ngati ataya chizindikiro chimenecho—kutanthauza kuti gridi yazimitsidwa—amasiya kugwira ntchito mpaka mphamvuyo itabwerera;izi zikutanthauza kuti mulibe mphamvu mpaka nthawi imeneyo.(Ndi nkhani ya chitetezo, analongosola Sven Amirian wa ku Invaleon kuti: “Ntchitoyi imafuna kuti musamadyetsenso mphamvu pamene pali [anthu] amene akugwira ntchito pa mizere.”) Popanga chizindikiro cha grid, ma inverter osakanizidwa amalola dongosolo lanu la dzuŵa lomwe lilipo. pitilizani kuthamanga mozimitsidwa, kulimbitsa nyumba yanu ndi kulipiritsa batire masana ndikugwiritsa ntchito batire kuti muzilimbitsa nyumba yanu usiku.
Kuphatikiza pa kusungirako, kuyeza mu ma kilowatt-maola, mabatire ali ndi mphamvu zolemetsa, zoyesedwa mu kilowatts.Teremuyomphamvu mosalekezaimatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yomwe batire ingatumize mumkhalidwe wabwinobwino, ndipo ikuwonetsa malire a mabwalo angati omwe mungayendetse nthawi imodzi.Teremuyopachimake mphamvuamatanthauza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yomwe batire ingathe kutulutsa kwa masekondi angapo pamene chipangizo chachikulu, monga choziziritsira mpweya, chikankha ndikupangitsa kuti mwadzidzidzi, kusowa madzi owonjezera;chochitika choterocho chimafuna mphamvu yapamwamba kwambiri.Funsani kontrakitala wanu kuti mupeze batire yomwe ingakwaniritse zosowa zanu.
Lithium-ion batire chemistry ndi yovuta, koma pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito padzuwa.Odziwika kwambiri ndi mabatire a NMC, kapena nickel-magnesium-cobalt.Ochepa (komanso chitukuko chaposachedwa) ndi mabatire a LFP, kapena lithiamu-iron-phosphate.(Kuyambira kosamvetseka kumachokera ku dzina lina, lithiamu ferrophosphate.) Mabatire a NMC ndi omwe ali ndi mphamvu zambiri pawiriwo, chifukwa ndi ang'onoang'ono ang'onoang'ono kuti asungidwe.Koma amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kutentha komwe kumachokera pakuthawira ndi kutulutsa (ali ndi malo ocheperako, kapena kutentha koyaka, motero amatengera zomwe zimatchedwa.kufalikira kwa moto wothamanga).Athanso kukhala ndi nthawi yocheperako ya moyo wawo wonse.Ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito cobalt, makamaka, ndikodetsa nkhawa, popeza kupanga kwake kumalumikizidwa ndi zoletsedwa komanso zosaloledwakugwiritsa ntchito migodi.Mabatire a LFP, pokhala opanda mphamvu zambiri, amayenera kukhala okulirapo pang'onopang'ono kuti azitha kupatsidwa mphamvu, koma sakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kutentha ndipo akhoza kukhala ndi maulendo apamwamba otulutsa.Pamapeto pake, mudzapeza batire yamtundu uliwonse yomwe ikugwirizana bwino ndi kapangidwe kanu ndi kontrakitala wanu.Monga nthawi zonse, khalani okhazikika ndikufunsa mafunso.
Ndipo izi zimabweretsa mfundo yomaliza: Lankhulani ndi oyika ma solar angapo musanasankhe imodzi."Ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera nthawi zonse, nthawi zonse kuyerekezera malo," adatero EnergySage's Aggarwal.Okhazikitsa ambiri amagwira ntchito ndi mabatire ochepa komanso opanga mapulogalamu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti simupeza chithunzi chonse cha zomwe zingatheke kuchokera kwa aliyense wa iwo.Keith Marett, pulezidenti wa ntchito zoyeretsa magetsi ku Generac - wopanga makina osungira mafuta osungira mafuta omwe akuchulukirachulukira kukhala zosunga zobwezeretseranso - anati "chinthu chachikulu kwa eni nyumba, kwenikweni, ndikuzindikira zomwe akufuna kuti moyo wawo ukhale pa nthawi yopuma. , ndikumanga dongosolo lothandizira izi. "Kuonjezera kusungirako batire ndi ndalama zazikulu ndipo, pamlingo waukulu, zimakutsekerani mudongosolo linalake, kotero musafulumire kusankha kwanu.
Kodi izi zidzawononga ndalama zingati—ndipo mumazifunadi?
Ndimakhala ku New York City, komwe kusungirako batire ya dzuwa sikuloledwa chifukwa cha nambala yamoto, ndipo kusungirako batire panja kumatanthawuza kuyenda.Kremlinesque bureaucracy (PDF).(Nthabwala ndi yakuti pafupifupi palibe aliyense pano amene ali ndi malo akunja poyambira.) Komanso sindikanatha kukhazikitsa batire ngakhale zitaloledwa—ndimakhala m’nyumba ya co-op, osati nyumba yodziyimira payokha, kotero ndilibe yangayanga. denga la mapanelo adzuwa.Koma ngakhale ndikanatha kukhazikitsa batire, kufufuza ndi kulemba bukhuli kunandipangitsa kukayikira ngati ndikanatero.Ndi bwino kudzifunsa mafunso ofunika musanayambe kuyankha.
Poyamba, kukhazikitsa batire yosungirako ndikokwera mtengo.Zambiri za EnergySage zikuwonetsa kuti kotala yomaliza ya 2021, mtengo wapakati pa kilowatt-ola yosungira batire unali pafupifupi $1,300.Zachidziwikire, izi zikutanthauza kuti theka la mabatire omwe ali pamndandanda wamakampani amawononga ndalama zochepera pa ola la kilowatt (ndi theka limawononga ndalama zambiri).Koma ngakhale wopanga mabatire otsika mtengo kwambiri pamndandanda wa EnergySage,HomeGrid, imawononga $6,000 pa makina a 9.6 kWh.Mabatire ochokera ku "akuluakulu asanu ndi awiri" (kachiwiri, ndizoEnphase,Tesla,LG,Panasonic,SunPower,NeoVolta,ndiGenerac) mtengo wake umachokera ku nthawi imodzi ndi theka kufika kuwirikiza kawiri."Pakadali pano ndi za anthu ochita bwino," adatero EnergySage's Aggarwal ndikuusa moyo.Anawonjezera, komabe, kuti mtengo wa kusungirako batri wakhala ukutsika, ndipo akuyembekeza kuti izi zipitirire.
Kodi mukufunikiradi kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri kuti mukwaniritse zosowa zanu pamene magetsi azima?Pali zosankha zotsika mtengo kuposa kusungirako kwa dzuwa kwa kilowatt, kuphatikizajenereta zonyamula mafuta,malo opangira magetsi a lithiamu-ion, ndi zazing'onoma charger a solarcholinga choti zipangizo ziziyenda.
Njira zonyamulikazo, ngakhale zotha kuchajwanso zomwe ndi zotetezeka kugwiritsa ntchito m'nyumba, sizothandiza ngati kulumikiza zinthu pakhoma.Komabe palinso njira zopezera mabwalo apanyumba kuti azigwira ntchito mozimitsidwa popanda zida zapadenga-dzuwa.Goli Zero, yomwe yachita bwino kugulitsa ma jenereta a dzuwa kwa anthu okhala m'misasa ndi ma RVers, imaperekanso zida zophatikizira nyumba zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito ma jenereta kuti azipangira nyumba.Mumdima, mumadula nyumba yanu pagululi (kusintha kwakuthupi kumaphatikizidwa ndi ntchito yoyika).Kenako mumayendetsa mabwalo akunyumba kwanu pa batire yakunja ya Goal Zero ndikuyitchanso ndi ma solar a Goal Zero.Mwanjira zina, zida za Goal Zerozi zimagawanitsa kusiyana pakati pa solar-plus-battery system yokhazikika ndi chojambulira choyambira kwambiri cha solar.Kugwiritsa ntchito chosinthira cholumikizira pamanja kumawonjezera gawo lowonjezera motsutsana ndi masiwichi osinthika omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina oyendera dzuwa.Mtengo wake?"Timayambira pafupifupi $4,000 yomwe imayikidwa m'nyumba mwanu chifukwa cha batire yathu ya makilowati atatu," adatero CEO wa kampani Bill Harmon.
Zosankha zonsezi zili ndi zovuta zake komanso zolepheretsa.Chojambulira cha chipangizo cha solar chimakupatsani mwayi wolumikizana ndi okondedwa anu ndikukupatsani mwayi wolandila zidziwitso pakagwa ngozi, koma sizimasunga furiji.Mafuta amafuta amatha kutha, kukusiyani osowa, ndipo zowonadi kuti jenereta yopangira mafuta oyambira siikonda zachilengedwe."Koma, zikunenedwa, ngati mungoyendetsa kawiri pachaka, masiku awiri kapena atatu pachaka, mwina mutha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo pano," adatero Aggarwal.Opanga mabatire angapo aphatikiza luso logwiritsa ntchito ma jenereta opangira mafuta kuti azilipiritsa mabatire awo ngati mdima utalikirapo.Wapampando wa Sonnen ndi CEO Blake Richetta adati ngati cholinga chanu ndikulimba mtima pakachitika tsoka, "Muyeneradi kukhala ndi jenereta ya gasi - zosunga zobwezeretsera."
Mwachidule, ndi bwino kupenda zovuta zomwe mukuyembekezera m'tsogolomu panthawi yadzidzidzi ndi mtengo wopeza mphamvu.Ndidalankhula ndi a Joe Lipari, wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wama projekiti ku Brooklyn SolarWorks (yomwe, monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, imagwira ntchito ku New York City, komwe,nso, mabatire sanasankhepo), ndipo adanenanso zabwino kwambiri.Kuzimitsa kwa magetsi kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa 2003.Zinali zosasangalatsa masiku angapo mphamvu isanayambike.Koma ndakhala kuno kwa zaka pafupifupi 20, ndipo ndi nthawi yokhayo imene mphamvu zinandithera.Mongoganizira za kukonzekera mwadzidzidzi, ndidafunsa Lipari zomwe ndiyenera kuchotsa pakutha kwa 2003 - ndiye kuti, kodi inali vuto kulimbikitsa kapena kuyika chiopsezo chochepa?“Anthu amatibweretsera zimenezo,” iye anayankha motero."Kulipira $ 20,000 yowonjezera kuti mupeze makina osungira mabatire?Mwina sikofunikira. ”
Kodi mungayendetse nyumba yanu nthawi yayitali bwanji pachitetezo cha batri ya solar?
Tidafunsa akatswiri ambiri kuti machitidwewa atha kukhala nthawi yayitali bwanji, nthawi zambiri.Yankho lalifupi komanso lokhazikika: osakwana maola 24 pa batire imodzi.Koma zonena zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana kotero kuti yankho lomveka bwino la funsoli silikhala lotsimikizika.
Mu 2020, malinga ndiUS Energy Information AdministrationZiwerengero, nyumba wamba yaku US idadya ma kilowatt-maola 29.3 patsiku.Batire yanthawi zonse yosungira dzuwa imatha kusungira kwinakwake pafupifupi maola 10 kilowatt."Sindikuyenera kukuwuzani kuti izi sizingayendetse nyumba yanu kwa tsiku limodzi," adatero Aggarwal wa EnergySage.Mabatire nthawi zambiri amakhala osasunthika, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mutha kulumikiza mabatire angapo kuti muwonjezere zosungira zanu.Koma, ndithudi, kuchita zimenezi sikutsika mtengo.Kwa anthu ambiri, kusungitsa miyandamiyanda sikuthandiza—kapena ngakhale ndalama.
Koma "ndingathamangitse nyumba yanga mpaka liti" ndiyo njira yolakwika yoganizira za kusungirako kwa dzuwa panthawi yakuda.Chifukwa chimodzi, mutha kuyembekezera kuti mapanelo anu adzuwa apereke mphamvu kunyumba kwanu ndikuwonjezera batire yanu masana-munthawi yadzuwa - motero ndikukonzanso gwero lanu lamagetsi.Izi zimawonjezera kulimba mtima komwe majenereta amafuta amasowa, chifukwa gasi kapena propane yawo ikatha, imakhala yopanda ntchito mpaka mutapeza mafuta ambiri.Ndipo zimenezi zingakhale zosatheka pakachitika ngozi.
Zowonjezereka, panthawi yopuma, mphamvu zomwe mumasungira ndizofunika kwambiri monga momwe mungasungire mphamvu.Kuti batri yanu ikhale yayitali momwe mungathere, muyenera kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwanu.Nditakhala m’kati mwa mphepo yamkuntho Andrew ku Miami, mu 1992, ndinasintha zovuta za chochitika chimenecho—chopanda mphamvu kwa masiku ambiri, kugula zinthu zovunda—kukhala njira yofunsira mafunso.Ndidafunsa onse oyika ndi opanga mabatire omwe ndidawayankha funso lomwelo: Poganiza kuti ndikufuna kusunga furiji (kuti chakudya chitetezeke), khalani ndi zida zingapo (zolumikizana ndi zambiri), ndikuyatsa magetsi (pakuti chitetezo chausiku), ndingayembekezere batire kukhala nthawi yayitali bwanji popanda kuyitanitsa?
Keyvan Vasefi, mkulu wa mankhwala, ntchito, ndi kupanga paGoli Zero, adati iye ndi mkazi wake ayesapo kangapo pa batire yawo ya 3 kWh, ndipo amatha kupita kwa tsiku limodzi ndi theka ndi "furiji ikuyenda, kuyimitsa mafoni angapo, komanso chipinda chogona komanso bafa yowunikira."Apanganso zoyeserera ndi mapanelo awo adzuwa atakokedwa ndi batire.Ngakhale kukumbukira kuti Vasefi ali ndi chidwi chogulitsa zatekinolojezi, nditha kunena kuti akupanga mlandu wokakamiza: "Timayesa kunamizira kuti ndi kutha kwa dziko ndikuwona zomwe zikuchitika, ndipo titha kupeza nthawi yosatha. thamangani nthawi” pamagawo ochepa amenewo, adatero."Mabatire amabwerera ku 100 peresenti tsiku lililonse nthawi ya 6:00 pm Ndipo timamva bwino kwambiri ndi zimenezo."
Batire ya 10 kWh imatha kuyendetsa furiji, magetsi ena, ndi ma charger angapo kwa masiku awiri kapena atatu, atero Sven Amirian, wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wa Invaleon, woyikira ku Massachusetts.Nthawiyi idanenedwanso ndi Aric Saunders, wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti wa Electriq wopanga mabatire.
Mukayika batire, kontrakitala wanu angakufunseni kuti musankhe "kagawo kakang'ono kadzidzidzi" ka mabwalo akunyumba kwanu, omwe amadutsa pagulu laling'ono.Pakutha, batire imadyetsa mabwalo awa okha.(Mwachitsanzo, abambo anga ali ndi jenereta yosunga zobwezeretsera kunyumba kwawo ku Virginia, ndipo imalumikizidwa ndi imodzi mwamagawo ake atatu oziziritsira mpweya, furiji, malo ophikira kukhitchini, chotenthetsera madzi chomwe chikufunika, ndi magetsi ena. M'nyumba mulibe TV, zochapira, ndi zinthu zina zofunika mpaka magetsi atabwerera.
Mukhozanso kutseka pamanja zophwanya pagulu lanu kuti muchepetse batire kuti idyetse okhawo omwe mumawaona kuti ndi ovuta.Ndipo mabatire onse osungira dzuwa amabwera ndi mapulogalamu omwe amakuwonetsani mabwalo omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito, kukuthandizani kuti mupeze ndikuchotsa mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe mwina simunaziganizire."Munthawi yeniyeni, mutha kusintha zizolowezi zanu ndikuwonjezera tsiku lina," adatero Amirian.Komabe, dziwani kuti ndemanga zamakasitomala zamapulogalamuwa ndi mtundu womwewo wa thumba losakanikirana lomwe timapeza pa pulogalamu iliyonse yanzeru yomwe timayesa: Anthu ena amawakonda, pomwe ena amakhumudwitsidwa ndi magwiridwe antchito komanso zosintha zangolo.
Pomaliza, opanga mabatire ayamba kupereka mapanelo anzeru.Kupyolera mu izi mutha kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yanu kuti mutsegule ndi kuzimitsa mabwalo amtundu uliwonse patali ndikusintha makonda omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zosiyanasiyana (mwachitsanzo, kuletsa magetsi akuchipinda ndi malo ogulitsira masana ndikuyatsanso usiku).Ndipo mapulogalamu a batri atenganso njira zowonjezera mphamvu yanu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, kutseka mabwalo omwe sakufunika.Koma Amirian anachenjeza kuti kukhazikitsa gulu lanzeru sikophweka kapena kutsika mtengo."Pali maphunziro ambiri amakasitomala omwe akuyenera kuchitika, zabwino ndi zoyipa, mtengo ndi maubwino, a 'Ndikufuna kuwongolera dera lililonse' motsutsana ndi 'Izi zikhala $10,000 ya ntchito yamagetsi pakuzimitsa kwamasiku awiri. '”
Chofunikira ndichakuti ngakhale mutawonjezeranso mphamvu ya solar pang'ono, mudzatha kuwonjezera nthawi yomwe mutha kukhalabe ndimagetsi osagwiritsa ntchito gridi-koma pokhapokha mutafuna batire yocheperako.Kuwerengera uku kudafotokozedwa bwino ndi a Jonnell Carol Minefee, woyambitsa mnzake wa Solar Tyme USA, woyikira dzuwa wochokera ku Georgia yemwe amayang'ana kwambiri anthu akumidzi, anthu ochepa komanso osauka. koma tiyenera kuphunzira kukhala ndi moyo popanda zinthu zapamwamba zathu nthawi zina. ”
Momwe kusunga kwa dzuwa ndi batri kungakhudzire kwambiri
Ngakhale kusungirako kwa batire ya dzuwa kudzasunga zida zofunikira ndi zida zomwe zikuyenda bwino, opanga ndi ena oyika omwe ndidalankhula nawo onse adati amawona kuti ndi ntchito yothandiza koma yachiwiri.Kwenikweni, iwo amawona machitidwe oterowo monga njira yoti eni nyumba achepetsere ndalama zogulira zinthu zawo pochita chinthu chotchedwa “peak shaving.”Panthawi ya kufunikira kwakukulu (masana mpaka madzulo), pamene zida zina zimakweza mitengo yawo, eni ake a mabatire amasintha mphamvu ya batri kapena kutumiza mphamvu ku gridi;Izi zimawabwezeranso ndalama kapena kubweza ngongole kuchokera kuzinthu zakomweko.
Koma kugwiritsidwa ntchito kofunikira kwambiri kwa mabatire kuli pafupi.Zothandizira zikuyamba kukweza zida zawo za gridi kuti athe kugwiritsa ntchito mabatire achinsinsi ngati makina opangira magetsi, kapena ma VPP.(Ochepa akugwira kale ntchito, ndipo machitidwe oterowo akuyembekezeka kufalikira m'zaka khumi zikubwerazi.) Pakali pano, pali denga ladzuwa lochuluka kwambiri komanso minda yambiri ya dzuwa kotero kuti imatsindika gridi pakati pa tsiku.Mphamvu zonse zomwe amapanga zimayenera kupita kwinakwake, motero zimayenderera kugululi, kukakamiza othandizira kuti azitsitsa zina mwazomera zawo zazikulu zopangira mafuta, kuti magetsi azikhala bwino.Zikumveka bwino - kudula mpweya wa CO2 ndiye gawo la dzuwa, sichoncho?Koma kuchulukira kwa dzuwa kumafika pomwe ma solar akusiya kupanga magetsi.(Kuzungulira kwatsiku ndi tsiku kwa kuchuluka kwa dzuwa pakati pa masana ndi kuchuluka kwa madzulo kumatulutsa zomwe zimadziwika kuti “bakha pamapindikira, "mawu omwe mungakumane nawo mu kafukufuku wanu wa kusungirako mabatire.) Kuti akwaniritse kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa mabatire, zida zogwiritsira ntchito nthawi zambiri zimakakamizika kuyatsa "zomera zam'mwamba," zomwe sizigwira ntchito bwino poyerekeza ndi zomera zazikuluzikulu zopangira mafuta koma zimafulumira nyamukani mwachangu.Zotsatira zake, masiku ena, ndikuti mpweya wa CO2 umaposa zomwe zikadakhala popanda ma solar.
Zomera zamagetsi zenizeni zithandizira kuthetsa vutoli.Mphamvu yadzuwa yochulukirayi idzalipiritsa mabatire a eni nyumba masana, ndiyeno zida zogwiritsira ntchito zimagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yamadzulo, m'malo moyatsa mitengo yapamtunda.(Eni mabatire apanga mapangano azamalamulo ndi othandizira, kuwapatsa ufulu wochita izi ndipo mwina amapeza chindapusa cholola mabatire awo kugwiritsidwa ntchito.)
Ndipatsa a Sonnen a Blake Richetta mawu omaliza, popeza palibe njira yomwe ndingafotokozere bwino zomwe ma VPP akuyimira:
"Kuwongolera kwamphamvu kwa mabatire, kuyankha, kupuma ndi kutuluka kwa wogwiritsa ntchito gridi, kuti apereke m'badwo womwe umalowa m'malo mwa mbadwo wonyansa wa chomera cha peaker, kuti gululi liziyenda bwino kwambiri, kuti lichepetse gridi ndikupanga kubweza pamtengo. za zomangamanga za gridi, kukhazikitsira gululi ndikukupatsani, kukhala womasuka ndi inu, njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri ku gululi pa kuyankha pafupipafupi komanso kuwongolera ma voltage, kwenikweni kutenga solar kukhala chosokoneza mpaka kukhala chinthu chomwe chimawonjezera mtengo, ndi , kuyika miyala yamtengo wapatali, ngakhale kutha kuyitanitsa kuchokera ku gridi, kotero ngati pali matani a mafamu amphepo ku Texas omwe akupanga mphamvu zazikulu nthawi ya 3 koloko m'mawa, kuthamangitsa mabatire 50,000 ndikunyowetsa mmwamba—ichi ndi chimene ife tiri kwenikweni.Uku ndiye kugwiritsa ntchito batri. ”
Nkhaniyi idasinthidwa ndi Harry Sawyers.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-07-2022